MVC attributes and Web API attributes are not compatible.
MVC ones are of System.Web.Mvc.Filter
type [1], while Web API are of System.Web.Http.Filters.Filter
type [2] - so you need to make sure you get your base class correct before trying to apply the attribute to Web API.
[1] - http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.web.mvc.filter(v=vs.98).aspx
[2] - http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.web.http.filters.filter(v=vs.108).aspx