Run in Firefox - clear all cookies.
Start up the SAML tracer.
If you run in FireFox with the SAML tracer enabled, when you redirect to AFDS you should see a message in the SAML tracer marked with an orange SAML button. If you click on the SAML tab, the message with be a:
<samlp:AuthnRequest ...
The response will be a:
<samlp:Response
and it will contain something like:
<AttributeStatement>
<Attribute Name="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2005/05/identity/claims/name">
<AttributeValue>Joe Bloggs</AttributeValue>
</Attribute>
<Attribute Name="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2005/05/identity/claims/emailaddress">
<AttributeValue>a@company.com</AttributeValue>
</Attribute>
</AttributeStatement>
which matches the claims you configured for the RP in ADFS.
Do you see anything like this?
I have no idea what your message represents.