C char to string (passing char to strcat())

Question

my problem is in convert a char to string i have to pass to strcat() a char to append to a string, how can i do? thanks!

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

char *asd(char* in, char *out){
    while(*in){
        strcat(out, *in); // <-- err arg 2 makes pointer from integer without a cast
        *in++;
    }
    return out;
}

int main(){
    char st[] = "text";
    char ok[200];
    asd(st, ok);
    printf("%s", ok);
    return 0;
}

Answer 1

Since ok is pointing to an uninitialized array of characters, it'll all be garbage values, so where the concatenation (by strcat) will start is unknown. Also strcat takes a C-string (i.e. an array of characters which is terminated by a '\0' character). Giving char a[200] = "" will give you a[0] = '\0', then a[1] to a[199] set to 0.

Edit: (added the corrected version of the code)

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

char *asd(char* in, char *out)
{

/*
    It is incorrect to pass `*in` since it'll give only the character pointed to 
    by `in`; passing `in` will give the starting address of the array to strcat
 */

    strcat(out, in);
    return out;
}

int main(){
    char st[] = "text";
    char ok[200] = "somevalue"; /* 's', 'o', 'm', 'e', 'v', 'a', 'l', 'u', 'e', '\0' */
    asd(st, ok);
    printf("%s", ok);
    return 0;
}

Answer 2

strcat will not append single characters. Instead it takes a const char* (a full C-style string) which is appended to the string in the first parameter. So your function should read something like:

char *asd(char* in, char *out)
{
    char *end = out + strlen(out);

    do
    {
        *end++ = *in;

    } while(*in++);

    return out;
}

The do-while loop will include the zero-terminator which is necessary at the end of C-style strings. Make sure that your out string is initialized with a zero-terminator at the end or this example will fail.

And as an aside: Think about what *in++; does. It will increment in and dereference it, which is the very same as in++, so the * is useless.

Answer 3

To look at your code, I can make a couple of pointers in relation to it, this is not a criticism, take this with a pinch of salt that will enable you to be a better C programmer:

• No function prototype.
• Incorrect usage of pointers
• Dealing with the strcat function is used incorrectly.
• Overdoing it - no need for the asd function itself!
• Usage of dealing with variables notably char array that is not properly initialized.

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

int main(){
    char st[] = "text";
    char ok[200];
    ok[0] = '\0'; /* OR
    memset(ok, 0, sizeof(ok));
    */
    strcat(ok, st);
    printf("%s", ok);
    return 0;
}

Hope this helps, Best regards, Tom.

Answer 4

To convert a character to a (null terminated) string you could simply do:

char* ctos(char c)
{
    char s[2];
    sprintf(s, "%c\0", c);
    return s;
}

Working example: http://ideone.com/Cfav3e