Yes, as long as you use the new Vimeo "wrapper." (The original player modules are being deprecated as of Popcorn 1.4.)
The wrapper is here:
https://github.com/mozilla/popcorn-js/blob/master/wrappers/vimeo/popcorn.HTMLVimeoVideoElement.js
You also need to include this file first.
By default, the Vimeo wrapper disables the title, byline and portrait.
Edit: You just need three scripts from the popcorn-js repo, and include them in script tags in this order:
Create a container element in which to put the video:
<div id="video"></div>
Instantiate the video wrapper and popcorn:
var video = Popcorn.HTMLVimeoVideoElement('#video');
video.src = 'vimeo url goes here';
var popcorn = Popcorn(video);