you are using (==)/2 when non needed (note the comment at end of documentation page). Indeed, if you change it to 'simple' unification (=)/2 your program works as you expect:
is_beginning([], _).
is_beginning([FirstLetterB|RestWordB], [FirstLetterW|RestWordW]) :-
FirstLetterB = FirstLetterW,
is_beginning(RestWordB, RestWordW).
test:
?- is_beginning(Answers, [a,b,c]).
Answers = [] ;
Answers = [a] ;
Answers = [a, b] ;
Answers = [a, b, c] ;
false.