Coverting PCM 16bit LE to WAV

Question

I'm trying to write a program in C that converts a captured Raw 16kHz PCM 16-bit file to a 16-bit WAV.

I've read some posts and people recommended using libsox. Installed it and now i'm really struggling with understanding the man-page.

So far (by reading the example in the source dist) I've figured out that the structs:

• sox_format_t
• sox_signalinfo_t

can probably be used to describe the data I'm inputting. I also know how much info i'm processing (time) if that is somehow necessary?

Some guidance is appreciated!

Answer 1

I would recommend to write WAV header and data manually, it is really very simple for PCM : https://web.archive.org/web/20080706175634/https://ccrma.stanford.edu/courses/422/projects/WaveFormat/

Update: original link https://ccrma.stanford.edu/courses/422/projects/WaveFormat/ became invalid.

Answer 2

Well, It worked out as the question is answered. However I'll post the code here so that people can analyze it or just use it in their own projects.

The link provided by both "simonc" and "Nickolay O." was used. Search the web for more info on the individual fields.

struct wavfile
{
    char        id[4];          // should always contain "RIFF"
    int     totallength;    // total file length minus 8
    char        wavefmt[8];     // should be "WAVEfmt "
    int     format;         // 16 for PCM format
    short     pcm;            // 1 for PCM format
    short     channels;       // channels
    int     frequency;      // sampling frequency, 16000 in this case
    int     bytes_per_second;
    short     bytes_by_capture;
    short     bits_per_sample;
    char        data[4];        // should always contain "data"
    int     bytes_in_data;
};

//Writes a header to a file that has been opened (take heed that the correct flags
//must've been used. Binary mode required, then you should choose whether you want to 
//append or overwrite current file
void write_wav_header(char* name, int samples, int channels){
    struct wavfile filler;
    FILE *pFile;
    strcpy(filler.id, "RIFF");
    filler.totallength = (samples * channels) + sizeof(struct wavfile) - 8; //81956
    strcpy(filler.wavefmt, "WAVEfmt ");
    filler.format = 16;
    filler.pcm = 1;
    filler.channels = channels;
    filler.frequency = 16000;
    filler.bits_per_sample = 16;
    filler.bytes_per_second = filler.channels * filler.frequency * filler.bits_per_sample/8;
    filler.bytes_by_capture = filler.channels*filler.bits_per_sample/8;
    filler.bytes_in_data = samples * filler.channels * filler.bits_per_sample/8;    
    strcpy(filler.data, "data");
    pFile = fopen(name, "wb");
    fwrite(&filler, 1, sizeof(filler), pFile);
    fclose(pFile);
}