You can subscribe to the Dojo topic "/dojox/mobile/viewChanged" which is emitted when any view is transitioned to, and check that the view is a child of your Carousel, like this:
require(["dojo/topic"], function(topic){
topic.subscribe("/dojox/mobile/viewChanged", function(view){
if(view.getParent() === myCarousel){
// a new view inside my carousel has been transitioned to
...
}
});
});
Alternately, you can actually connect to the handleViewChanged method, since the Carousel subscribes to "/dojox/mobile/viewChanged" internally and calls handleViewChanged.