You can do this with some Javascript using the jQuery library built into APEX.
(WARNING: My Javascript isn't the world's most elegant!)
This worked for me:
1) In the "Function and Global Variable Declaration" attribute of the page create this function:
function setColWidths(colId) {
var maxWidth = 0;
$('th#'+colId).each (function (index) {
w = $(this).width();
maxWidth = Math.max(maxWidth,w);
});
$('th#'+colId).each (function (index) {
$(this).width(maxWidth);
});
}
2) In the "Execute when Page Loads" attribute of the page call the function for each column:
setColWidths('COL01');
setColWidths('COL02');
setColWidths('COL03');
You could perhaps enhance this solution so that you don't need to call the function explicitly for each column.