The following will do it:
>>> bananasplit = [int(b) / int(m) for b,m in zip(banana, monkey)]
>>> print(bananasplit)
[9, 4, 12]
As far as your original code goes, the main issue is that the following are effectively no-ops:
[int(i) for i in monkey]
[int(i) for i in banana]
To turn them into something useful, you would need to assign the results somewhere, e.g.:
monkey = [int(i) for i in monkey]
banana = [int(i) for i in banana]
Finally, it is worth noting that, depending on Python version, dividing one integer by another using /
either truncates the result or returns a floating-point result. See In Python 2, what is the difference between '/' and '//' when used for division?