I'm not sure why you'd want to do this. If you're using checkboxes, I assume you'll want to return the value of each one. If so, then each one should be a distinct property of the WTForm instance you're using.
If you're only wanting to return the values checked, WTForms offers the wtforms.fields.SelectMultipleField
. That would print a dropbox wherein the user could select 0, 1 or more options.
If you must have checkboxes, and you must use a list in the form definition, then it seems your only option is to create a custom field. You can find documentation on how to do that here.
In fact - this use case is the example in the Custom Widget portion of the WTForms documentation.