If you're using the ldap-debugger tool provided with the LDAP SDK, it currently only supports SSL for communicating with the backend server, but not when communicating with a client. That is, the "--useSSL" option applies only for communication between the LDAP debugger and the backend directory server, and not between the client and the LDAP debugger. However, because this is potentially a very useful feature, I have just committed a set of changes that add this capability, so if you check out and build the latest version of the LDAP SDK, you will find that the ldap-debugger tool has a new "--listenUsingSSL" argument that controls this.
Note that regardless of whether you're using the ldap-debugger tool or you have created your own listener via Java code, you need to ensure that you have a Java keystore that contains the SSL certificate that will be presented to clients. If the LDAP server you're using is Java-based (e.g., the in-memory directory server provided with the LDAP SDK), then you probably already have this. Otherwise, you'll need to create one. If you're just doing this for testing purposes, a self-signed certificate should be just fine (as long as the client trusts it, or is configured to blindly trust all certificates).