Installing TFS 2010 build controller in Windows Server 2012 was pretty simple. Note that .NET 3.5 needs to be installed on the build server before installing TFS 2010 build controllers.
Also if building .NET 4.5 applications, and are not keen on installing Visual Studio 2012 on a build server, the Windows 8 SDK should be installed.
Furthermore I would recommend installing MSBuild Community Tasks (https://code.google.com/p/msbuildtasks/downloads/detail?name=MSBuild.Community.Tasks.v1.4.0.56.msi&can=2&q=) for extra MSBuild functionality. This is especially beneficial for applying a version number to your assemblies by obtaining build number values from whatever automated build server technology you are using and supplying these values as parameters to MSBuild. The following article demonstrates this using the Bamboo CI server product: http://itrathnasekara.blogspot.com.au/2011/05/setting-assembly-version-automatically.html.