Its all generated dynamically and URL is just made keyword rich, for it search engine friendly.
Its done in most web servers by rewriting the URL so that a search engine could find the important keywords within the URL
In Apache HTTP server, a rule in .htaccess
file would rewrite the request URLs to convert into actuall parameters that the processing script can use
for e.g. a URL like this
http://www.example.com/forum-name-3/topic-name-28/22/
would be converted to
http://www.example.com/index.php?forum=3&topic=28&page=22
by using this simple rule in .htaccess
RewriteRule ([0-9A-Za-z-\+._]+)-([0-9]+)/([0-9A-Za-z-\+._]+)-([0-9]+)/([0-9]+)/$ ./index.php?forum=$2&topic=$4&page=$5
If you are using Apache HTTP server, then you can find all fancy things here
You'll need to make the rules as per your needs, the example above is just for the sake of explaining how it works, so it may need some tweaking for making it work.