Current ePaper displays have a very slow refresh speed compared to LCD and OLED displays, therefore it should be possible to detect them using the value provided by Display.getRefreshRate().
boolean isEInk() {
return getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getRefreshRate() < 5.0;
}
However on some fairs video capable ePaper display prototypes has already been shown. Therefore I assume that the refresh rate may increase in the next time above the 5.0 value selected in the example code.