Yes, training (particularly for dictation) is useful. Accuracy can improve by 20-50% with training. (This is especially true if the user has an accent.)
The training benefits are per user.
Microsoft has a tool that copies speech profiles, but it's built for an older version of the SR engine (XP-era), and as far as I know, nobody at Microsoft is willing to either update it or vouch for it on newer SR engines. If you want to try it, Bing for "Speech Profile Manager", and it will pop right up.