Replace the diagonal of matrix

Question

I am interesting to replace the diagonal of matrix D to 1,2,3,4. This is matrix D:

A=[1,2,3,4,2,3,4,5; 3,4,5,6,4,5,6,7];
D=[A;A];
D=[D D]; % size of matrix [4x16] %

Answer 1

To set the main diagonal to integers starting a 1 and incrementing by 1:

D(eye(4)==1) = 1:4

Or to generalize it:

n = min(size(D));
D(eye(n)==1) = 1:n;

note here that the ==1 is to convert the output of eye(n), the identity matrix, to type logical.

EDIT:

This is just a guess at what you mean by all the diagonals but here goes:

n = size(D,1);
m = size(D,2);
I = repmat(eye(min([n,m])), ceil(n/m), ceil(m/n));
I = I(1:n, 1:m)==1
d = repmat(1:min([n,m]), 1, max([ceil(n/m), ceil(m/n)]));
d = d(1:max(m,n));
D(I) = d