Emoticons in Twitter Sentiment Analysis in r

Question

How do I handle/get rid of emoticons so that I can sort tweets for sentiment analysis?

Getting: Error in sort.list(y) : invalid input

Thanks

and this is how the emoticons come out looking from twitter and into r:

\xed��\xed�\u0083\xed��\xed��
\xed��\xed�\u008d\xed��\xed�\u0089 

Answer 1

This should get rid of the emoticons, using iconv as suggested by ndoogan.

Some reproducible data:

require(twitteR) 
# note that I had to register my twitter credentials first
# here's the method: http://stackoverflow.com/q/9916283/1036500
s <- searchTwitter('#emoticons', cainfo="cacert.pem") 

# convert to data frame
df <- do.call("rbind", lapply(s, as.data.frame))

# inspect, yes there are some odd characters in row five
head(df)

                                                                                                                                                text
1                                                                      ROFLOL: echte #emoticons [humor] http://t.co/0d6fA7RJsY via @tweetsmania  ;-)
2 “@teeLARGE: when tmobile get the iphone in 2 wks im killin everybody w/ emoticons &amp; \nall the other stuff i cant see on android!" \n#Emoticons
3                      E poi ricevi dei messaggi del genere da tua mamma xD #crazymum #iloveyou #emoticons #aiutooo #bestlike http://t.co/Yee1LB9ZQa
4                                                #emoticons I want to change my name to an #emoticon. Is it too soon? #prince http://t.co/AgmR5Lnhrk
5  I use emoticons too much. #addicted #admittingit #emoticons <ed><U+00A0><U+00BD><ed><U+00B8><U+00AC><ed><U+00A0><U+00BD><ed><U+00B8><U+0081> haha
6                                                                                         What you text What I see #Emoticons http://t.co/BKowBSLJ0s

Here's the key line that will remove the emoticons:

# Clean text to remove odd characters
df$text <- sapply(df$text,function(row) iconv(row, "latin1", "ASCII", sub=""))

Now inspect again, to see if the odd characters are gone (see row 5)

head(df)    
                                                                                                                               text
1                                                                     ROFLOL: echte #emoticons [humor] http://t.co/0d6fA7RJsY via @tweetsmania  ;-)
2 @teeLARGE: when tmobile get the iphone in 2 wks im killin everybody w/ emoticons & \nall the other stuff i cant see on android!" \n#Emoticons
3                     E poi ricevi dei messaggi del genere da tua mamma xD #crazymum #iloveyou #emoticons #aiutooo #bestlike http://t.co/Yee1LB9ZQa
4                                               #emoticons I want to change my name to an #emoticon. Is it too soon? #prince http://t.co/AgmR5Lnhrk
5                                                                                 I use emoticons too much. #addicted #admittingit #emoticons  haha
6                                                                                        What you text What I see #Emoticons http://t.co/BKowBSLJ0s

Answer 2

I recommend the function:
ji_replace_all <- function (string, replacement)

From the package:
install_github (" hadley / emo ").

I needed to remove the emojis from tweets that were in the Spanish language. Tried several options, but some messed up the text for me. However this is a marvel that works perfectly:

library(emo)

text="#VIDEO 😢💔🙏🏻,Alguien sabe si en Afganistán hay cigarro?"

ji_replace_all(text,"")

Result:

"#VIDEO ,Alguien sabe si en Afganistán hay cigarro?"

Answer 3

You can use regular expression to detect non-alphabet characters and remove them. Sample code:

rmNonAlphabet <- function(str) {
  words <- unlist(strsplit(str, " "))
  in.alphabet <- grep(words, pattern = "[a-z|0-9]", ignore.case = T)
  nice.str <- paste(words[in.alphabet], collapse = " ")
  nice.str
}