I found the answer through trial and error...
Basically my table names in Access can have a space without using the [square brackets], so the below command works fine (after deleting any existing object):
DoCmd.TransferDatabase _
acImport, _
"ODBC Database", _
"ODBC;Driver={SQL Server};Server=Fos;Database=Hermes;Trusted_Connection=Yes", _
acTable, _
"sourceTable", _
"targetTable"