Suitability of C# for clustered calculation-heavy apps?

StackOverflow https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3088783

  •  28-09-2019
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Question

I'm preparing to write a photonic simulation package that will run on a 128-node Linux and Windows cluster, with a Windows-based client for designing jobs (CAD-like) and submitting them to to the cluster.

Most of this is well-trod ground, but I'm curious how C# stacks up to C++ in terms of real number-crunching ability. I'm very comfortable with both languages, but I find the superior object model and framework support of C# with .NET or Mono incredibly enticing. However, I can't, with this application, sacrifice too much in processing power for the sake of developer preference.

Does anyone have any experience in this area? Are there any hard benchmarks available? I'd assume that the the final machine code would be optimized using the same techniques whether it comes from a C# or C++ source, especially since that typically takes place at the pcode/IL level.

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Solution

The optimisation techniques employed by C# and native C++ are vastly different. C# compilers emit IL, which is only marginally optimised and then JIT'ed to binary code when it is about to execute for the first time. Most of the optimisation work happens inside the JIT compiler.

This has pros and cons. JIT has time budgets, which limits how much effort it can expend on optimisation. But it also has intimate knowledge of the hardware it is actually running on, so it can (in theory) make transparent use of newer CPU opcodes and detailed knowledge of performance data such as a pipeline hazards database.

In practice, I don't know how significant the latter is. I do know that at least Mono will parallelise some loops automatically if it finds itself running on a CPU with SSE (SSE2, perhaps?), which may be a big deal for your scenario.

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