For a template of your project, see this MSDN article. For item templates, see this MSDN article. For the later, you basically create the configuration files defined in the article, ZIP them up, then create the template at the following path:
C:\Users[USERNAME]\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Templates\ItemTemplates[LANGUAGE]
Replace the bracketed items with your name and development language (Visual C#, Visual Basic, etc.) You have to restart Visual Studio to see it.