You should be able to find chessboard corners using emgu, refer to CameraCalibration.FindChessboardCorners. Once you have the corners, you will be able to draw point correspondences between an ideal chessboard and your image.
Although SolvePnP is not available in emgu, you can still compute a homography once you have at least 4 point correspondences on a plane (which you now have). Refer to CameraCalibration.FindHomography. Once you have the homography, you can decompose this into a rotation and translation, and hence the camera pose. Take a look at this article.