Try these:
http://code.msdn.microsoft.com/windowsdesktop/TAPI-3-in-C-Get-Lines-and-dd143eaf
http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/10994/TAPI-3-0-Application-development-using-C-NET
The Telephony API is right from Windows, so it might be pretty low-level, but should support what you need.