According to Weka's documentation, the StringToWordVector filter "Converts String attributes into a set of attributes representing word occurrences [...]". Therefore, applying this filter to an arff file that does not contain any String attributes will have no effect on the dataset.
In order to make use of this filter, you will need to prepare an arff file that contains a String attribute, where the value of this attribute is the text for the given instance. For example, if each instance represents one tweet, then the text from the tweet would be the value for this String attribute. More information on working with text in weka is documented here.