I changed the class of Block from ui-bar ui-bar-e to ui-bar ui-bar:
<div data-role="content">
<ul data-role="listview" data-filter="true" data-theme="e" >
<li><a href="index.html">
<div data-role=""> <div class="ui-grid-c" >
<div class="ui-block-a" >
<div class="ui-bar ui-bar" >Block A</div>
</div>
<div class="ui-block-b">
<div class="ui-bar ui-bar" >Block B</div>
</div>
<div class="ui-block-c">
<div class="ui-bar ui-bar" >Block C</div>
</div>
<div class="ui-block-d">
<div class="ui-bar ui-bar" >Block D</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</a></li>
<li><a href="index.html">
<div data-role=""> <div class="ui-grid-c">
<div class="ui-block-a">
<div class="ui-bar ui-bar" >Block 1</div>
</div>
<div class="ui-block-b">
<div class="ui-bar ui-bar" ">Block 2</div>
</div>
<div class="ui-block-c">
<div class="ui-bar ui-bar" >Block 3</div>
</div>
<div class="ui-block-d">
<div class="ui-bar ui-bar" >Block 4</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
I removed div class="content-primary"
For obtain yellow background I changed the theme with data-theme="e"