You are not passing in the auth token correctly. This is how you would request a thumbnail for a note on iOS :
- (void)getThumbnailWithNoteGuid:(NSString*)noteGUID {
EvernoteSession* session = [EvernoteSession sharedSession];
NSString* fullTumbnailURL = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@thm/note/%@",[[EvernoteSession sharedSession]webApiUrlPrefix],noteGUID];
NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:fullTumbnailURL];
NSMutableURLRequest* urlReq = [NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:url];
[urlReq setHTTPMethod:@"POST"];
[urlReq setHTTPBody:[[NSString stringWithFormat:@"auth=%@",[session.authenticationToken URLEncodedString]] dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];
NSLog(@"full URL %@",fullTumbnailURL);
[NSURLConnection sendAsynchronousRequest:urlReq queue:[NSOperationQueue mainQueue] completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse *urlREsp, NSData *respData, NSError *error) {
if(error == nil) {
NSLog(@"Thumbail data : %@",respData);
};
}];
}