It looks like the adjacency matrix of a graph, with the nodes sorted by degree.
# Sample data
library(igraph)
library(Matrix)
g <- erdos.renyi.game(10, p=1/2) + erdos.renyi.game(10, p=1/2)
# Plot the adjacency matrix
A <- get.adjacency(g)
image(A)
# In this example, sorting the nodes by degree is not a good idea
i <- order( degree(g) )
image(A[i,i])