I've found a solution.
Instead of NetHttpTransport, use ApacheHttpTransport like this:
HttpHost proxy = new HttpHost("10.12.54.8", 8080, "http");
HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
client.getParams().setParameter(ConnRoutePNames.DEFAULT_PROXY, proxy);
ApacheHttpTransport HTTP_TRANSPORT = new ApacheHttpTransport(client);
Now I'm getting a different error (404 Not found), but this is a different issue.