Skip a quad for each row, e.g. like this.
for(int i = 0; i <= 379; i++)
{
if (i % ROW_LENGTH != ROW_LENGTH - 1) {
// first triangle
sample_elements_out.push_back(i);
sample_elements_out.push_back(i + 1);
sample_elements_out.push_back(i + samples);
// second triangle
sample_elements_out.push_back(i + samples);
sample_elements_out.push_back(i + 1);
sample_elements_out.push_back(i + samples + 1);
}
}
Two nested loops would probably be more readable, though.