I think that you may take a look to the gtopo30 plugin: http://docs.geotools.org/latest/userguide/library/coverage/gtopo30.html http://docs.geotools.org/latest/userguide/faq.html
Which is also supported by GeoServer: http://docs.geoserver.org/stable/en/user/data/raster/gtopo30.html
Ref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_elevation_model
Cheers, Carlo Cancellieri