There's no built-in handler for different environments in the manner you would like.
Solution
Within the seeder class, you should be able to use App::environment() to detect the environment, and do logic based on that.
You can add that within each table seeder class, or within the DatabaseSeeder.php file:
public function run()
{
Eloquent::unguard();
if( App::environment() === 'development' )
{
$this->call('UserTableSeeder');
}
}
Alternatively
Consider adding multiple database connections within your app/config/database.php
file. That way, instead of seeding per environments, you can populate databases from multiple connections within the same environment (and the environment can still change but have 2 or more separate db connections).
If that fits your use case, see my answer on multiple database connections here.