Try with
mysql_query("INSERT INTO `en_stud` (en_fname, en_subj, en_desc, en_code)
SELECT '$f', subj_code, subj_name, subj_deg FROM `subjects` WHERE subj_deg='PREP'");
Basically you have to put all values in SELECT
list. So instead of trying to join own values with select values, just put additional values in select list. They are constant, so it's like
Select 1,2,'three', some_field FROM some_table