You can just enable (by default it's done) message tracking on you server using Set-TransportServer
(on Hub Transport server or Edge Transport server) or Set-MailboxServer
(on Mailbox server) depending on the kind of server your are working on as explain in this Microsoft article.
Then you can have a look to C:\Program Files\Microsoft\Exchange Server\V14\TransportRoles\Logs\MessageTracking
directory.
On the server side your can read this file as a CSV file using :
import-csv MSGTRK20130627-1.LOG -Header date-time,client-ip,client-hostname,server-ip,server-hostname,source-context,connector-id,source,event-id,internal-message-id,message-id,recipient-address,recipient-status,total-bytes,recipient-count,related-recipient-address,reference,message-subject,sender-address,return-path,message-info,directionality,tenant-id,original-client-ip,original-server-ip,custom-data
I just found the header in the forth line, and you must ignore the first four lines.