Easy is to use my vpi tool, found on the file exchange. This returns a direct list of integers.
x=factor(vpi('79228162514264337589248983040'))
x =
Columns 1 through 7
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Columns 8 through 14
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Columns 15 through 21
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Columns 22 through 28
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Columns 29 through 35
2 2 2 2 3 5 17
Columns 36 through 39
257 641 65537 6700417
The replacement (essentially ready for release) for vpi is vpij, which took half the time to factor that number, but vpij can handle considerably larger numbers than can vpi. In fact, the last thing to write is a yet more improved version of factor, but I'll probably release vpij before that is done.
Of course, the factors must be also variable precision integers, since some of those factors will be quite large. Here a number with 50+ digits that someone commented about on the math site recently.
N = vpij(84)^27 + 1
N =
9026943488964407632833018690186861978797224381906945
x = factor(N)
x =
5 17 19 109 367 757 2017 230077 397741265470599434164843152148837