convert co-ordinate d-m-s to decimal degrees using awk

Question

My input is a tab-separated text file with lat long in D-M-S. I require output to be in decimal degrees I have code in php, but this is very slow to calculate. Can this be done quicker using awk?

node    name    id  latitude    longitude   seq
nodex   name1   70  N53-24-31.126   W6-20-46.982    59126
nodex   name2   173 N53-20-28.885   W6-14-52.400    16190X
nodex   name3   173 N53-20-28.885   W6-14-52.400    16191T

My PHP code with Formula:

if ($dirLat == 'N') {$signLat = '+';} Else {$signLat = '-';}
if ($dirLat == 'E') {$signLon = '+';} Else {$signLon = '-';}
$latitudeDecimalDeg = $signLat . ($degLat + ($minLat/60) + ($secLat/3600));
$longitudeDecimalDeg = $signLon . ($degLon + ($minLon/60) + ($secLon/3600));

Answer 1

I am pretty certain that awk would be quicker. This is fairly easily accomplished with awk, split each field with substr and split. I turned it into a function for easier reuse:

function dms2deg(s) {
  dir = (substr(s, 1, 1) ~ /^[NE]/) ? 1 : -1
  dms =  substr(s, 2)
  split(dms, arr, "-")
  return dir * (arr[1] + arr[2]/60 + arr[3]/3600)
}

If you have put the above into dms2deg and the data is in infile, you would use awk like this:

awk -f dms2deg -e 'NR>1 { print dms2deg($4), dms2deg($5) }' infile

Output:

53.4086 -6.34638
53.3414 -6.24789
53.3414 -6.24789

Or if you wanted to replace the existing fields:

awk -f dms2deg -e 'NR>1 { $4 = dms2deg($4); $5 = dms2deg($5) } $1=$1' infile

Output:

node name id latitude longitude seq
nodex name1 70 53.4086 -6.34638 59126
nodex name2 173 53.3414 -6.24789 16190X
nodex name3 173 53.3414 -6.24789 16191T

Note that this does not preserve white-space, however column would take care of that:

awk -f dms2deg -e 'NR>1 { $4 = dms2deg($4); $5 = dms2deg($5) } $1=$1' infile | column -t

Output:

node   name   id   latitude  longitude  seq
nodex  name1  70   53.4086   -6.34638   59126
nodex  name2  173  53.3414   -6.24789   16190X
nodex  name3  173  53.3414   -6.24789   16191T

Answer 2

I really don't know if it'll be faster or not, but IMHO here's the fastest way you can do it in awk and preserve spacing:

$ cat tst.awk
BEGIN{ FS="[- ]+" }
NR>1 {
    sub( $7"-"$8"-"$9, ($7~/^E/?"+":"-") (substr($7,2) + $8/60 + $9/3600) )
    sub( $4"-"$5"-"$6, ($4~/^N/?"+":"-") (substr($4,2) + $5/60 + $6/3600) )
}
1

$ cat file
node    name    id  latitude    longitude   seq
nodex   name1   70  N53-24-31.126   W6-20-46.982    59126
nodex   name2   173 N53-20-28.885   W6-14-52.400    16190X
nodex   name3   173 N53-20-28.885   W6-14-52.400    16191T

$ awk -f tst.awk file
node    name    id  latitude    longitude   seq
nodex   name1   70  +53.4086   -6.34638    59126
nodex   name2   173 +53.3414   -6.24789    16190X
nodex   name3   173 +53.3414   -6.24789    16191T

I'd be interested to know if it is faster than your PHP script or not so if you get a chance to compare them, please post the results.

If you don't care about preserving spacing you can just use:

BEGIN{ FS="[- ]+" }
NR == 1 { print; next }
{ print $1, $2, $3, ($4~/^N/?"+":"-") (substr($4,2) + $5/60 + $6/3600), ($7~/^E/?"+":"-") (substr($7,2) + $8/60 + $9/3600), $10 }

Answer 3

awk -F"[- ]+" 'NR==1 {print;next} {s1=($4~/N/)?1:-1;s2=($7~/E/)?1:-1;print $1,$2,$3,s1*(substr($4,2)+$5/60+$6/3600),s2*(substr($7,2)+$8/60+$9/3600),$10}' file

node    name    id  latitude    longitude   seq
nodex name1 70 53.4086 -6.34638 59126
nodex name2 173 53.3414 -6.24789 16190X
nodex name3 173 53.3414 -6.24789 16191T