The reason might be on the compatibility of your QTCreator with the the ACTUAL QT framework you built QWT against.
The Qt 5.1.1 for Windows 64-bit (VS 2012, OpenGL, 522 MB) package provided in QT-Project.org/Download has the QT libraries built against MSVCR110 (C++ 2012) 64 bits where as the actual QTCreator.exe is built against MSCVR100 (C++ 2010). That's why the QWT plugin load successfully form the stand-alone QT Designer that comes in the QT framework, but not on the QT creator that comes in the Tools/ directory. To check this, load the QTCreator executable in Dependency Walker and you'll see.
My recommendation is that you download the source code of QT, build it with your compiler and then compile the QWT using the same compiler. A bit tedious but at least you'll be sure that your plugins will load.