Putting serialized objects in the URL is a really bad idea. If you want to access state via URL (GET parameters) then normally the URL should only contain some way of identifying the item in question.
Fortunately if you're using a database back end to persist your objects then the database will usually give them an identity for you, in the form of a primary key. You can then just put the ID in the URL and have Java retrieve the object for that ID whenever it receives a request for it.
If you don't use a database back end then it's up to you to give your objects an identity that they can be located by. The simplest solution would be to store references to the objects in a map and put the map key in the URL.