The mixpanel javascript library does not support a callback to the alias call. However, you can achieve the effect by sending a request to the REST api and using any framework for registering the callback.
https://mixpanel.com/help/reference/http#distinct-id-alias
In fact, since the alias call is implemented in terms of the track call, you should be able to the following code to avoid manually providing the distinct id and token to the alias call.
var leavePage = function(){ window.location = 'http://google.com'; }
var registerEvent = function(){ mixpanel.track('event', null, leavePage); }
mixpanel.track('$create_alias', {'alias': 'am-i-done-yet@example.com'}, registerEvent);
This will make two calls to mixpanel (one to register the alias and one to register the event) and then will cause the page to redirect.