According to the manual passthru() does whats on the label, it passes trough stdout. If there is a browser on the other side it gets directly send to that.
If you want the results you could try backticks, this works because PHP is loosely based on Perl. :)
So, for example:
$foo = `mybinaryprogramm someparameters $somemoreparametersrightfromavariable`;
#now go and do something usefull with $foo
I should mention that you should sanitize $somemoreparametersrightfromavariable somehow, but i hope that you see that as good practice. :)