there might be smarter ways to do this, but you can just substract the relevant files/directories like this:
all files in my config directory:
FileList['config/**/**']
=> ["config/application.rb", "config/boot.rb", "config/compass.rb", "config/database.yml", "config/environment.rb", "config/environments", "config/environments/caching.rb", "config/environments/development.rb", "config/environments/production.rb", "config/environments/test.rb", "config/initializers", "config/initializers/formtastic.rb", "config/initializers/omniauth.rb", "config/initializers/secret_token.rb", "config/initializers/session_store.rb", "config/initializers/slim.rb", "config/initializers/typus.rb", "config/initializers/whitelabel.rb", "config/initializers/wrap_parameters.rb", "config/locales", "config/locales/de.base.yml", "config/locales/de.formtastic.yml", "config/locales/de.label.yml", "config/locales/de.yml", "config/locales/en.base.yml", "config/locales/en.formtastic.yml", "config/locales/en.label.yml", "config/locales/en.yml", "config/routes.rb", "config/typus", "config/typus/event.yml", "config/typus/highlight.yml", "config/typus/job.yml", "config/typus/location.yml", "config/typus/material.yml", "config/typus/topic.yml", "config/typus/user.yml", "config/whitelabel.yml"]
removing all files that are in the locales directory:
FileList['config/**/**'] - FileList['config/**/locales/**']
=> ["config/application.rb", "config/boot.rb", "config/compass.rb", "config/database.yml", "config/environment.rb", "config/environments", "config/environments/caching.rb", "config/environments/development.rb", "config/environments/production.rb", "config/environments/test.rb", "config/initializers", "config/initializers/formtastic.rb", "config/initializers/omniauth.rb", "config/initializers/secret_token.rb", "config/initializers/session_store.rb", "config/initializers/slim.rb", "config/initializers/typus.rb", "config/initializers/whitelabel.rb", "config/initializers/wrap_parameters.rb", "config/locales", "config/routes.rb", "config/typus", "config/typus/event.yml", "config/typus/highlight.yml", "config/typus/job.yml", "config/typus/location.yml", "config/typus/material.yml", "config/typus/topic.yml", "config/typus/user.yml", "config/whitelabel.yml"]