You need to specify option '--start' if you want it to actually start the database. Without that it will just create the data directory.
However using table spaces would probably be a better solution since running multiple database clusters introduces the overhead of running completely separate postmaster processes. If you create a database in a table space then all files associated with the database will go in the associated directory. The system catalogue will still be in the cluster's data directory, but this is unlikely to be large enough to cause you any problems.