Visual Studio Express editions are no longer supported.
When you run mex -setup
choose the SDK 7.1 (download here, select x64 compilers during installation).
Also be sure you install the .NET Framework 4.0 runtime.
Big however: With the SDK, there is a bug, where compilers get removed (details from MS)! Check it out here too. The patch is on Microsoft's website.
See this support article for tips on how to download and configure the SDK for MATLAB. Maybe confirm that the compilers were selected in the installation.