If you do specify a short timeout, the method will initiate the shutdown but only wait on the completion of the shutdown for as long as asked. So yes, a short timeout won't interfere with the shutdown per-se which will continue asynchronously. If you don't care about knowing when the shutdown is complete (i.e. when exactly all resources have been properly closed), then there is no particular downside to using a timeout (and you can even use 0 for the timeout to make that intention clear).
I'll not that version 2.x of the driver changes the shutdown API slightly, making it asynchronous by default but returning a future on the shutdown completion. Which hopefully makes it more clear what happens.