Psycopg2 fails to install on python 3 with pip issuing a fatal error

Question

$ yum install python3 postgresql python-devel libpqxx-devel
Loaded plugins: langpacks, refresh-packagekit
Package python3-3.3.2-8.fc20.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package postgresql-9.3.2-2.fc20.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package python-devel-2.7.5-9.fc20.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package 1:libpqxx-devel-3.2-0.5.fc20.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Nothing to do

I am trying to install psycopg2 in my virtualenv to connect django with the postgresql database.

In Fedora 19 and postgresql-9.2 the path to pg_config was:

/usr/pgsql-9.2/bin

In Fedora 20, this directory does not exist.

However pg_config can be found in /usr/bin/pg_config.

Trying to install psycopg2:

 $ export PATH=$PATH:/usr/bin; pip install psycopg2
Downloading/unpacking psycopg2
  Downloading psycopg2-2.5.2.tar.gz (685kB): 685kB downloaded
  Running setup.py egg_info for package psycopg2

... -compiling output here- ...

gcc -pthread -Wno-unused-result -DDYNAMIC_ANNOTATIONS_ENABLED=1 -DNDEBUG -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -grecord-gcc-switches -m64 -mtune=generic -D_GNU_SOURCE -fPIC -fwrapv -fPIC -DPSYCOPG_DEFAULT_PYDATETIME=1 -DPSYCOPG_VERSION="2.5.2 (dt dec pq3 ext)" -DPG_VERSION_HEX=0x090302 -DPSYCOPG_EXTENSIONS=1 -DPSYCOPG_NEW_BOOLEAN=1 -DHAVE_PQFREEMEM=1 -I/usr/include/python3.3m -I. -I/usr/include -I/usr/include/pgsql/server -c psycopg/psycopgmodule.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.3/psycopg/psycopgmodule.o -Wdeclaration-after-statement

In file included from psycopg/psycopgmodule.c:27:0:

./psycopg/psycopg.h:30:20: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory

 #include <Python.h>

                    ^

compilation terminated.

error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1

----------------------------------------
Cleaning up...
Command /home/flyer/.virtualenvs/p3test/bin/python3 -c "import setuptools;__file__='/home/flyer/.virtualenvs/p3test/build/psycopg2/setup.py';exec(compile(open(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-mrsky4-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --install-headers /home/flyer/.virtualenvs/p3test/include/site/python3.3 failed with error code 1 in /home/flyer/.virtualenvs/p3test/build/psycopg2
Storing complete log in /home/flyer/.pip/pip.log

I would appreciate your help.

Answer 1

You are missing python3 include files

./psycopg/psycopg.h:30:20: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory

you can probably find them in the python3-devel package.

Answer 2

Install the python3-devel package to get it work

sudo dnf install python3-devel

If it works then alright or if it requires libpq-fe.h file then install it using the command:

sudo dnf install postgresql-devel

Answer 3

On Ubuntu. I solved this with:

sudo apt-get install libpq-dev

Answer 4

As indicated in the other answers this is caused by not having the right Python "devel" package installed. On CentOS, the Python "devel" rpm package is numbered with the with the qualified version. For example as of this writing the current versions are:

python34-devel for epel repository

python36u-devel for ius repository

Example Yum command (assumes EPEL repository is configured):

sudo yum install python34-devel

Related answer from server fault: https://serverfault.com/questions/710354/repository-for-python3-devel-on-centos-7