What about the download function?
The script become
var casper = require('casper').create();
var url = 'https://www.youtube.com/robots.txt';
casper.start(url, function() {
this.download(url, 'robots.txt');
});
casper.run();
UPDATE
If you want to store the remote file contents into a string, use base64encode
var casper = require('casper').create();
var url = 'https://www.youtube.com/robots.txt';
var contents;
casper.start(url, function() {
contents = atob(this.base64encode(url));
console.log(contents);
});
casper.run();