Depending on the size of the PDF's and what database you're using, it might make sense to store them in your database, or perhaps use something like MongoDB or another document-oriented NoSQL database just for this. But any regular database that has a BLOB type would work.
Then your rake task can update them each night, they can be served to clients straight out of the database, even if you wind up running multiple servers. You could also include some metadata in the db with the reports, especially the last time the underlying data was updated and the last time the report was generated.