If your datestamp format does not vary, you should just store the environment prefix in your db and use something like:
outputPattern="#[sessionVars['prefix']+server.dateTime.format('YYYYMMddhhmmss.sss')]"
If you need to use your current database values, you can use basic Java string methods to find the correct substrings. For example:
#[sessionVars['currentFeed'].getFilePattern().substring(0,sessionVars['currentFeed'].getFilePattern().indexOf('function')-2)+server.dateTime.format('YYYYMMddhhmmss.sss')]
If you use different datestamp formats, you can find that part as well using similar String methods. However, I still suggest you come up with an implementation that only stores the environment prefix in the db.