I found the answer to this:
Adding this helper:
Ember.Handlebars.registerHelper('i18n', function(property, options) {
var params = options.hash,
self = this;
// Support variable interpolation for our string
Object.keys(params).forEach(function (key) {
params[key] = Em.Handlebars.get(self, params[key], options);
});
property = Em.I18n.locale + '.' + property;
return Em.I18n.t(property, params);
});
And making sure this is set:
Em.I18n.locale = 'en';
Using the updated handlebars reference:
{{i18n animal.cat}}