The Jenkins UCM plugin itself doesn't allow much control:
In general build performance is also much better in snapshot views that are hosted by the clients native file system - once they are loaded.
You have a small handle of control of what load-rules are applied to the snapshot views; Either you load all the components or only the modifiable ones.
We us a separate view per job, per client, which allows us to reuse views in a context the only changes very little between builds. Thus you will find that once you have loaded the view the first time, the successive updates will be very fast, since deltas are guaranteed to be small.
If you are using the simpler Jenkins ClearCase plugin, then you can specify the exact load rules you want:
So I would recommend the second approach, in which you cal list the exact folders, corresponding to the root directories of the 3 components you want to load.