I haven't looked into the dayRender event, but there should be no problem using plain old CSS to change the colors:
.fc-today{
background-color: green;
}
.fc-sat, .fc-sun{
background-color: yellow;
}
See jsfiddle for example, there must be something else conflicting with your styles.
Try right clicking on the day and click "Inspect Element" (on Chrome, others may vary). Look at the td with the class you are trying to style and see whats overwriting your styles.