You mean just for display purposes? May be a simple /.
?
Clear[x, y, f]
expr = f[x, y] + (f[x, y])^2 == 34;
expr /. f[__] -> f
gives
Out[29]= f + f^2 == 34
You can even modify $PrePrint
to do this automatically
Clear[x,y,f]
$PrePrint=#/.f[__]->f&;
expr=f[x,y]+(f[x,y])^2==34
Out[6]= f+f^2==34
expr
Out[7]= f+f^2==34
To get it back, do
$PrePrint=.
expr
Out[10]= f[x,y]+f[x,y]^2==34
I am not brave enough to do this myself in actual programming, but it is there to try.